Task 9 Film Terminology Quiz

Task 9 Terminology

 (10 Marks out of 50 are awarded for use of terminology) 

Film Industry Terminology Quiz – a definition and an example from the movie industry please

1.       Mainstream film/ Mainstream cinema

2.       Independent film/ Independent cinema

3.       Production

4.       Distribution

5.       Marketing

6.       Exchange

7.       Multinational Conglomerate

8.       Monopoly

9.       Oligopoly

10.    Name the Big Six (bonus question % of box office takings?)

11.    Horizontal Integration

(also known as cross media ownership)

12.    Vertical Integration

13.    Synergy

14.    Merchandising

15.    Ultra Violet

16.    Above the Line

17.    Below the Line

18.    Technological Convergence/Cross media convergence

19.    Consumption

20.    Exhibition

21.    Piracy

22.    Hollywood Franchise 4S Model – synergy, spectacle, sequelisation, story

23.    Tie-In

Film Industry Terminology

Film Industry Terminology Quiz – Answer Sheet

1.       Mainstream films are films that are distributed to movie theaters which give these films wide releases. However, the definition of a mainstream film can vary by country. For example, a mainstream film from China wouldn't be considered a mainstream film in India. But from a global perspective, mainstream films could be defined as Hollywood films, because it is these films which make up the majority of the most widely distributed films in the world. This makes Hollywood films the worldwide mainstream.

2.       An independent film is a professional film production resulting in a feature film that is produced mostly or completely outside of the major film studio system. In addition to being produced and distributed by independent entertainment companies, independent films are also produced and/or distributed by subsidiaries of major film studios. Independent films are sometimes distinguishable by their content and style and the way in which the filmmakers' personal artistic vision is realized. Usually, but not always, independent films are made with considerably lower film budgets than major studio films. Generally, the marketing of independent films is characterized by limited release, but can also have major marketing campaigns and a wide release. Independent films are often screened at local, national, or international film festivals before distribution (theatrical and/or retail release). An independent film production can rival a mainstream film production if it has the necessary funding and distribution.

3.      Production Film production involves several major stages:^]

·         Development — The first stage in which the ideas for the film are created, rights to books/plays are bought etc., and the screenplay is written. Financing for the project has to be sought and greenlit.

·         Pre-production—Preparations are made for the shoot, in which cast and film crew are hired, locations are selected, and sets are built.

·         Production—The raw elements for the film are recorded during the film shoot. Film distributors usually release a film with a launch party, a red-carpet premiere, press releases, interviews with the press, press preview screenings, and film festival screenings. Most films are also promoted with their own special website separate from those of the production company or distributor. For major films, key personnel are often contractually required to participate in promotional tours in which they appear at premieres and festivals, and sit for interviews with many TV, print, and online journalists. The largest productions may require more than one promotional tour, in order to rejuvenate audience demand at each release window.

·         Post production - Editing, special effects

4.      Distribution—The finished film is distributed. A deal is struck between cinemas and distributors and the film is screened for an agreed number of weeks.

5.      Marketing - Press kits, posters, and other advertising materials are published, and the film is advertised and promoted. A B-roll clip may be released to the press based on raw footage shot for a "making of" documentary, which may include making-of clips as well as on-set interviews. Film distributors usually release a film with a launch party, a red-carpet premiere, press releases, interviews with the press, press preview screenings, and film festival screenings. Most films are also promoted with their own special website separate from those of the production company or distributor. For major films, key personnel are often contractually required to participate in promotional tours in which they appear at premieres and festivals, and sit for interviews with many TV, print, and online journalists

6.      Exchange –  online sharing of information facebook, twitter, amazon, youtube, fansites

7.      Multinational Conglomerate - A conglomerate is a large company that consists of diverse divisions that produce and sell unrelated goods and services.^[1] Conglomerate companies tend to be large multinational corporations with operations in multiple regions of the world.

8.      Monopoly –a market form in which a market or industry is dominated by one seller .one company monopolises the business

9.       Oligopoly – An oligopoly is a market form in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers (oligopolists).

10.   Big Six – Paramount, Sony, 20^th Century, Disney, Universal, Warner Bros

11.   Horizontal Integration

(also known as cross media ownership)

12.   Vertical Integration – where the means or production and distribution are controlled by one company

13.   Synergy – where two or more compatible products sell each other cd ill manors film and cd

14.   Merchandising – where the popularity of film is through the sale of spinoffs, toys, mugs, games etc

15.   Ultra Violet – dvd sharing with five others

16.   Above the Line – marketing costs included in budget ie website, trailers etc

17.   Below the Line – free advertising – virals, social networks, word of mouth,fansites

18.   Technological Convergence – where the film is available to watch on a number of platforms including the internet

19.   Consumption – how well a film did, sales, box office, online and dvd and how it was received by fans and critics (reviews)

20.   Exhibition – type of release, wide or limited, how many weeks

21.   Piracy - Online film piracy is the illegal downloading and uploading of movies in print, videos, DVDs or electronic files.

Film Industry Terminology

Use this MEDIA terminology in your essays: YOU WILL BE QUIZZED

• Mainstream - safe genre films that are distributed to mass, national and often international audiences
• Independent - films that have more localised appeal and niche audiences and that often utilise digital technologies to create 'brand awareness'. Independent films do not have access to extensive distribution networks.
• Production - the physical film making process
• Distribution - getting the films out to cinemas and paying for the advertising and marketing
• Exchange - OCR's commonly used terminology
• Multinational Conglomerate - large organisations whose business interests are global, utilising synergy and convergence and also cross media ownership.
• Monopoly - where one company dominates the market
• Oligopoly - where four or more companies dominate the market
• The Big Six - the four international organisations that dominate film distribution and form the oligopoly of ownership (owned by multi national conglomerates
• Globalisation  - where films are distributed around the work through elaborate cross media networks
• Horizontal Integration - where one media company acquires another media company in the same sector eg Vue acquiring Warner Village Cinemas in 2003
• Vertical Integration - where the means or production and distribution are controlled by one company
• Digital technologies - primarily this refers to how the internet has changed the industry including advertising through and on websites, online distribution, streaming, legal and illegal downloading eg. through YouTube (file sharing)
• Synergy - where two or more compatible products sell each other eg. a film and CD (8 Mile)
• Merchandising - where the popularity of film are manipulated through the sales of spinoff goods eg. t-shirts and associated clothing, wristbands, stickers, badges and mugs
• Cross media ownership - where companies have interest in a range of media eg Sony and Gaming, film Distribution, electronic (media related) devices
• Convergence where film is advertised using a range of media platforms but also becomes available on one platform - the internet.