Film Industry Terminology Quiz – Answer Sheet
1. Mainstream films are films that are distributed
to movie theaters which give these films wide releases. However, the definition
of a mainstream film can vary by country. For example, a mainstream film from
China wouldn't be considered a mainstream film in India. But from a global
perspective, mainstream films could be defined as Hollywood films, because it
is these films which make up the majority of the most widely distributed films
in the world. This makes Hollywood films the worldwide mainstream.
2. An independent film is a professional film production resulting
in a feature film that is
produced mostly or completely outside of the major film studio system. In
addition to being produced and distributed by independent entertainment
companies, independent films are also produced and/or distributed by
subsidiaries of major film studios.
Independent films are sometimes distinguishable by their content and style and
the way in which the filmmakers' personal artistic vision is realized. Usually,
but not always, independent films are made with considerably lower film budgets than major
studio films. Generally, the marketing of independent films is characterized by
limited release, but can
also have major marketing campaigns and a wide release.
Independent films are often screened at local, national, or international film festivals before
distribution (theatrical and/or retail release). An independent film production
can rival a mainstream film production if it
has the necessary funding and distribution.
3. Production Film
production involves several major stages:]
·
Development — The first stage in which
the ideas for the film are created, rights to books/plays are bought etc., and
the screenplay is written. Financing for the project has to be sought and
greenlit.
·
Pre-production—Preparations are made for the shoot, in which cast and film
crew are hired, locations are
selected, and sets are built.
·
Production—The raw elements for the film
are recorded during the film shoot. Film
distributors usually release a film with a
launch party, a red-carpet premiere, press
releases, interviews with the press, press preview screenings, and film
festival screenings. Most films are
also promoted with their own special website separate from those of the production company or distributor. For major
films, key personnel are often contractually required to participate in
promotional tours in which they appear at premieres and festivals, and sit for
interviews with many TV, print, and online journalists. The largest productions
may require more than one promotional tour, in order to rejuvenate audience
demand at each release window.
·
Post
production - Editing, special effects
4. Distribution—The
finished film is distributed. A deal is
struck between cinemas and distributors and the film is screened for an agreed
number of weeks.
5. Marketing - Press kits,
posters, and other advertising materials are published, and the film is
advertised and promoted. A B-roll clip may be released to
the press based on raw footage shot for a "making of" documentary,
which may include making-of clips as well as on-set interviews. Film distributors usually
release a film with a launch party, a red-carpet premiere, press releases, interviews with the
press, press preview screenings, and film festival screenings.
Most films are also promoted with their own special website separate
from those of the production company or distributor. For major films, key
personnel are often contractually required to participate in promotional tours
in which they appear at premieres and festivals, and sit for interviews with
many TV, print, and online journalists
6. Exchange – online
sharing of information facebook,
twitter, amazon, youtube, fansites
7. Multinational Conglomerate - A conglomerate is a large company that consists of diverse divisions that produce and
sell unrelated goods and services.[1] Conglomerate companies tend to be large multinational
corporations with
operations in multiple regions of the world.
8. Monopoly –a market form in
which a market or industry
is dominated by one seller .one company
monopolises the business
9.
Oligopoly – An oligopoly
is a market form in which a market or industry is
dominated by a small number of sellers (oligopolists).
10.
Big Six – Paramount, Sony, 20th
Century, Disney, Universal, Warner Bros
11.
Horizontal Integration
(also known
as cross media ownership)
12.
Vertical
Integration – where the means or production and distribution are
controlled by one company
13.
Synergy
– where two or more compatible products sell each other cd ill manors film and
cd
14.
Merchandising
– where the popularity of film is through the sale of spinoffs, toys, mugs,
games etc
15.
Ultra Violet
– dvd sharing with five others
16.
Above the
Line – marketing costs included in budget ie website, trailers etc
17.
Below the
Line – free advertising – virals, social networks, word of
mouth,fansites
18.
Technological
Convergence – where the film is available to watch on a number of
platforms including the internet
19.
Consumption
– how well a film did, sales, box office, online and dvd and how it was
received by fans and critics (reviews)
20.
Exhibition –
type of release, wide or limited, how many weeks
21.
Piracy
- Online film piracy
is the illegal downloading and uploading of movies in print, videos, DVDs or
electronic files.